FOUS30 KWBC 300828
QPFERD

Excessive Rainfall Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
428 AM EDT Mon Jun 30 2025

Day 1
Valid 12Z Mon Jun 30 2025 - 12Z Tue Jul 01 2025

...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL ACROSS PORTIONS OF
THE CENTRAL/SOUTHERN PLAINS AND THE NEW MEXICO AND WESTERN TEXAS...

A Slight Risk was maintained across New Mexico and into western 
Texas given the presence of a front dropping southward into the
Southern Plains and Southern Rockies...with moist easterly flow 
into the complex terrain of the southern Rockies and provide 
greater coverage of thunderstorms by the afternoon due to diurnal 
heating, increasing lapse rates and instability. Precipitable water
values of 1 inch to 1.5 inches are forecast and will near the 90th
climatological percentile and support rainfall rates of 1-2 inches
per hour. Additionally, widespread coverage of thunderstorm 
activity over parts of the Central and High Plains overnight was
accounted for by the introduction of a Slight Risk mainly from
Kansas into Oklahoma this morning before another round of 
convection forms over the Southern High Plains along the associated
frontal boundary within an area of very weak mid- level flow later
today. Storms will likely be slow- moving across western Texas and
eastern New Mexico before becoming outflow dependent unless a 
large enough cold pool can organize a larger thunderstorm complex.

Elsewhere...convection is expected to develop within a region of 
decent CAPE and precipitable water values in excess of 2 standard 
deviations above climatology. Except for some mid-level westerly 
flow around the Great Lakes to provide some shear there...the flow 
farther south should be fairly meager (but offset by steeper low- 
level lapse rates). This sets up the potential for some local 
rainfall rates in excess of 1 inch per hour that results in 
excessive rainfall from the southern Plains east/northeastward into
the Ohio Valley and parts of the Mid- Atlantic region today and tonight.

Some details are coming into focus, which includes the 
likelihood of overnight convection lingering into the early-morning
hours across parts of the central Plains and Mid- Mississippi 
Valley. Meanwhile, an upper trough lingering across the Southeast 
will continue to foster an area of convergence on the 
southern/southwestern periphery which could lead to locally heavy 
rainfall along the eastern Gulf Coast and much of the northern 
Florida Gulf Coast. There is some potential for extremely heavy 
rainfall within this tropical airmass and precipitable water values
between 2.25 inches and 2.5 inches, but the signal from the
numerical guidance is that most rainfall to occur over the Gulf 
waters at this time.

Farther north into the Ohio Valley, Appalachians and Northeast, a
weakening surface boundary will help focus some of the threat for
heavier rainfall with its placement remaining quite uncertain. The
synoptic setup with a stationary/warm front stretching across 
southern PA and an approaching cold front from the west should help
foster greater coverage in showers/storms within a moist 
environment, but storm motions within a mean column wind of 30kts 
could limit the flooding threat even though this area remains 
sensitive to intense rainfall. 

Snell/Bann


Day 2
Valid 12Z Tue Jul 01 2025 - 12Z Wed Jul 02 2025

...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL OVER A PORTION OF 
THE MID ATLANTIC...

The boundary that helps focus some of the threat for heavy to
potentially excessive rainfall on Day 1 will continue to shift 
eastward and provide the focus for another round on Day 2. The 
flow aloft becomes more supportive over the Northeast US as 
divergence aloft increases in response to a digging trough in the
upper level while convergence is focused at the low-levels  
convergence increases along the boundary. Portions of the Mid- 
Atlantic have suppressed Flash Flood Guidance from a period of 
above normal rainfall making that area a bit more susceptible to 
excessive rainfall...while faster cell motions should generally 
preclude more than isolated instances of flash flooding across the 
Northeast US. The inherited Slight Risk was nudged a bit to the 
west of its placement in the previous outlook towards a region of 
better overlap between the deterministic QPF and the lower flash 
flood guidance. The surrounding Marginal Risk area was changed 
little from the previous outlook. 

Farther south/west along the boundary...convection is expected to
be develop within a region of decent CAPE and precipitable water
values in excess of 2 standard deviations above climatology. With
weaker flow aloft...locally heavy rainfall totals could result in
isolated instances of excessive rainfall. A stronger push of 
moisture is expected into the Four Corners by Tuesday in response 
to tropical moisture pushing northwestward across Mexico and 
lifting to the east of a closed low churning near the California 
coast. This could lead to greater thunderstorm coverage across the
Southwest/Four Corners on Tuesday and a broader isolated flash 
flooding threat.

Bann/Snell


Day 3
Valid 12Z Wed Jul 02 2025 - 12Z Thu Jul 03 2025

...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL OVER PORTIONS OF
THE SOUTHEAST US AND ACROSS PARTS OF THE SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS AND
NEARBY SOUTHERN ROCKIES...

Eastern US...
Drier air sweeping in behind the cold front over the eastern United
States should lead to decreasing coverage of excessive rainfall
potential on Wednesday. Prior to frontal passage...precipitable
water values in excess of 1.75 inches will still be in place and
the atmosphere will be capable of supporting locally intense
rainfall rates. The coastal; portions of the Carolinas and Georgia
will be the last to see the risk taper off.

To the west...a Marginal Risk area was maintained over portions of
the Southern Rockies and adjacent High Plains as deeper moisture
lingers over the area and 850-700 mb flow continues to draw Gulf
moisture northward into West Texas on Wednesday with shortwave
energy embedded within the broad south to southeast flow. 

Bann

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